From: RSARDI@aol.com
Date: 26 Jul 1997 00:30:18 -0000
To: Multiple recipients of list <ibogaine@ibogaine.org>
Subject: Re: TAGAR
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In a message dated 97-07-25 18:14:32 EDT, you write:
<< I have no idea what Tagar is.
Any information would be appreciated.
Howard >>
TAGAR is Tabernaemontana divericata extract, reportedly very close spp to
tabernanth iboga. And it does contain ibogaine alkoloids according to Van
Beek. Try www.maps.org/wwwbib/index.html ---- run tabernaemontana
divericata and others on search engine--- all kinds of info, but I don't have
time to elaborate. Try www.lycaeum.org/~mulga/iboga/center.html
----Later
Randy let me know what you come up with try entheogens
on search engine
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Tabernaemontana, (Apocynaceae), a review of it=92s taxonomy, ph= ytochemistry, ethnobotany and pharmacology.
Van Beek et al
J of Ethnopharmacology #10: 1- , 1984.
This paper is a broad analysis of current knowledge on the genus Taber= naemontana, which in this paper includes Ervatamia spp and others as syno= nyms for members of this genus. The authors of this paper classify Ervata= mia orientalis as a synonym for Tabernaemontana orientalis, and also stat= e that many of the previously described species such as E. angustisepala = and E. pubescens can in fact be considered synonyms for T. orientalis als= o. It seems that many members of this genus have been described at differ= ent times and places, with quite a few different names, and can therefore= have many synonyms.
Previously as far as I was aware, most botanists in Australia recognis= ed three species, under the name of Ervatamia ( E. orientalis, E. angusti= sepala, E. pubescens. ). In this report E. orientalis is considered a sy= nonym for Tabernaemontana orientalis, as is E. angustisepala and E. pubes= cens. Recently the catalogue of Queensland native and naturalised plants = (1993) described two species, Tabernaemontana orientalis and T. pandacaqu= i, as being found in Queensland. T. pandacaqui is apparently a synonym f= or either E. angustisepala and/ or E. pubescens here. In the Flora of the= Kimberley region (1992), E. orientalis and E. pubescens are described, b= ut a note states that both these may be synonyms for T. pandacaqui.
There has been a lot of name changes and confusion amongst many of the= species in all the genera mentioned. Some species seem to have been desc= ribed up to five times with different names, or varieties.
T. orientalis is a widely distributed species, known from Indonesia, N= ew Guinea, northern Australia and the pacific region. It is very closely = related to T. divaricata, a plant indigenous to India, and also known as = Ervatamia divaricata, T. coronaria is also a synonym for this species. = This is a list of the alkaloids ( alkaloids related to or structurally li= ke ibogaine in italics ) obtained from various parts of specimens identif= ied as stated in this study.
legend for plant parts; l =3D leaves, tw =3D twigs, bark =3D bark(!), sb = =3D stem bark, rt bark =3D root bark, unk =3D unrecorded as to which part= of the plant was used.
Tabernaemontana orientalis.
synonyms E. orientalis, E. pubescens (?), E. angustisepala (?) and other= s...
alkaloid plant part mol wt specimen from..
Akuammidine unk 352.1787 Qld
Dregamine l & tw 354.1943 Loyalty Is =
bark Qld
unk New Hebrides
Tabernaemontanine l & tw 354.1943 Loyalty Is
bark Qld
unk New Hebrides
Ervatamine l & sb 354.1943 Qld
l & tw Loyalty Is
19,20-dehydro-ervatamine l & sb 352.178 Qld
20-epi-ervatamine l & tw 354.1943 Loyalty Is
sb Qld
Apparacine l 264.1626 Qld
Conopharyngine l & tw 398.2205 Loyalty Is
unk New Guinea
unk Qld
Coronaridine l & tw 338.1994 Loyalty Is
unk New Hebrides
Ibogaine l 310.2045 Qld
Iboxygaine l & unk 326.1994 Qld
Voacangine l & tw 368.2100 Loyalty Is
unk Qld
unk New Guinea
Isovoacangine unk 368.2100 New Hebrides
Voacristine bark 384.2049 Qld
Pandoline l & tw 354.1943 Loyalty Is
unk New Guinea
20-epi-pandoline l & tw 354.1943 Loyalty Is
unk New Guinea
Pandine l & tw 352.1787 Loyalty Is
unk New Guinea
Voacamine bark 704.3938 Qld
16-decarbo-methoxy- bark 646.3883 Qld
voacamine =
16-decarbo-methoxy- bark 648.4039 Qld
19=92,20=92-dihydrovoacamine
16-decarbo-methoxy- bark 648.4039 Qld
19,20-dihydro-20-epi-voacamine =
The alkaloids voacamine, 16-decarbomethoxy-19,20-dihydrovoacamine and 1= 6 decarbomethoxy-19,20-dihydro-20-epi-voacamine are actually dimeric alka= loids constructed from a single ibogaine molecule combined with either a = dregamine or tabernaemontanine molecule. All these alkaloids, apart from = ibogaine were found together in the bark of the species from Qld. Apart= from apparacine, ibogaine and iboxygaine have lower molecular weights th= an any other alkaloids reported from this species.
Tabernaemontana pandacaqui.
synonymous with Ervatamia angustisepala(?).
alkaloid plant part mol wt specimen from..
Pericyclivine leaf 322.1681 Phillipines
Tabernaemontanine leaf 354.1943 Phillipines =
20-epi-Lochneridine leaf 340.1787 Phillipines =
Coronaridine bark 338.1994 Phillipines
bark Jamaica
(-)-Ibogamine bark 280.1939 Jamaica
Iboxygaine bark 326.1994 Jamaica
Tabernanthine bark 310.2045 Jamaica =
iso-Voacangine bark 368.2100 Jamaica
Voacristine bark 384.2049 Jamaica (?) =
Ervafoline leaf 644.3362 Phillipines
Ervafolidine leaf 662.3468 Phillipines
iso-Ervafolidine leaf 662.3468 Phillipines
Ervafoline, Ervafolidine and iso-Ervafolidine are dimeric alkaloids, c= ontaining a single ibogan type molecule combined with another molecule of= a related type of alkaloid called plumeran.
Tabernaemontana divaricata.
synonyms Ervatamia divaricata, E.coronaria, T. coronaria and others...cl= osely related to T. orientalis.
alkaloid plant part mol wt specimen from..
Dregamine leaf ; stem 354.1943 India ; Florida
Tabernaemontanine leaf; bark 354.1943 India ; Pakistan
roots; stem Florida ; Egypt =
Vobasine leaf; stem; root 352.1787 Egypt
Apparicine flower 264.1626 Cuba
Voaphylline flower; leaf 296.1889 Cuba ; India
N-methylvoaphylline flower; leaf 310.2045 Cuba
Lochnericine leaf 352.1787 India
Tabersonine flower 336.1838 Cuba
Coronaridine leaf; rt bark 338.1994 India ; Cuba ;Florida =
stem; seed; unk Bangladesh ; Brazil
5-hydroxy-6-oxo- rt bark 368.1736 India
coronaridine
3-oxo-coronaridine rt bark 352.1787 India
5-oxo-coronaridine rt bark 352.1787 India
6-oxo-coronaridine rt bark 352.1787 India
Coronaridine-hydroxy- rt bark 354.1943 India
indolenine
(+)-Heyneanine rt bark 354.1943 India
(-)-Heyneanine rt bark 354.1943 India
(-)-Ibogamine rt bark; stem 280.1939 India ; Cuba
Voacangine leaf; stem 368.2100 India ; Cuba
iso-Voacangine stem 368.2100 India
Voacristine leaf 384.2049 India
iso-Voacristine leaf; flower 384.2049 India
3,14; 4,19-tetrahydro- flower 250.1470 Cuba
olivacine
Voacamine rt bark 704.3938 India
Some of the alkaloids recorded such as the n-oxo- and hydroxy-indolenin= e types are probably not present in the fresh or living material, but are= formed by oxidation, either as the plant dries or if the alkaloids are e= xtracted the process involved may create them. Ibogan type alkaloids seem= to oxidise quite readily, eg up to 50% of the alkaloids may be lost in drying the plant material.
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